String theory has revolutionized cosmology, introducing models like brane cosmology that leverage its core concepts—branes—to explain the universes origin and evolution.Physicists including Nima Arkani-Hamed, Raman Sundrum, Lisa Randall, Paul Steinhardt, and Neil Turok pioneered brane cosmology in t

First predicted by Albert Einstein in 1916 as a consequence of general relativity, gravitational waves were conclusively detected on September 14, 2015, by the LIGO collaboration during the merger of two black holes (1). These ripples in spacetime not only affirm Einsteins predictions but also offer

Black holes captivate scientists worldwide, with supermassive ones at galaxy centers remaining one of cosmologys greatest puzzles.Researchers are actively exploring their formation, and the innovative model of black hole stars—or quasi-stars—offers promising insights into this cosmic mystery.The Puz

While light and black holes may seem like opposites, general relativity reveals they share surprising similarities. Einsteins equations show that, much like a collapsing star, concentrated light can form a black hole.In January 1955, renowned American physicist John Archibald Wheeler, a leading expe

Stars evolve through distinct phases driven by their internal dynamics, ultimately reaching white dwarfs, neutron stars, or black holes depending on core mass. In 1930, at just 20 years old, Indian astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar proved that a stars fate hinges on this mass.Chandrasekhar c

Introduced by British physicist T. W. B. Kibble in 1976 (1), cosmic strings are hypothetical topological defects that likely formed in the universes earliest moments. Cosmologists study these defects to gain insights into the extreme physical conditions of the primordial cosmos.Such structures are e

From stars to galaxies, most cosmological structures originate through gravitational collapse—a process triggered by Jeans instability in gas clouds. The Jeans instability, also known as gravitational instability, was pioneered in 1902 by British physicist Sir James Jeans in his seminal work o

The universe is vast beyond comprehension, brimming with countless worlds that could harbor life. Yet, where are the signs—such as microwave signals—of extraterrestrial civilizations?This is the Fermi Paradox: the puzzling reality that, despite billions of stars in the Milky Way (and trillions beyon

During NASAs Apollo missions from 1969 to 1972, 12 astronauts walked on the Moon, but they stayed close to their landing module, deploying experiments and collecting rock samples. What if an astronaut aimed to circle the entire Moon on foot—how long would that take?The timeline hinges on walking spe

In the vast universe, nearly everything is in motion—from comets and asteroids to stars, planets, galaxies, and even galaxy clusters. Earth is no exception, orbiting the Sun while spinning on its axis. As astrophysicists have precisely measured, what are these remarkable speeds?Earth is perpetually

Poets and authors often evoke the profound, abyssal darkness of deep space. Gazing into interplanetary, interstellar, or intergalactic voids, our eyes meet near-total blackness. Even Earths star-filled night sky appears dark. Yet, with the universe brimming with light-emitting and reflecting objects

All matter in the universe consists of atoms—tiny building blocks with a positively charged nucleus of protons and neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The balance of these particles defines each element on the periodic table and dictates chemical interactions. So, how many atoms po

Summer evokes vacations, beaches, and relaxation—but for knowledge seekers, its prime time for enriching viewing. Weve curated standout documentaries on space, the most thrilling scientific frontier today. These selections balance exceptional quality with French-language availability (noting that ma

Astrophysical models show planets form from rotating circumstellar disks, passing angular momentum to the protoplanet via conservation laws. Every planet rotates, including Earth. But what if ours halted abruptly? A sudden stop would unleash devastating angular momentum on surface objects, shreddi

In 1975, physicist Stephen Hawking demonstrated that black holes emit radiation, leading to their gradual evaporation. This discovery sparked the 1976 information paradox: general relativity suggests information falling into a black hole is lost forever, clashing with quantum mechanics principle of

Falling asleep aboard the International Space Station (ISS) is no simple task. Microgravity, constant noise from equipment, and 16 daily sunrises and sunsets disrupt rest, often leading astronauts to rely on sleeping aids for recovery.On the ISS, each astronaut has a personal sleeping compartment—ro

Decades ago, Albert Einstein explored a theory where space not only curves but also twists. Known as teleparallel gravity, this idea—once sidelined for general relativity and quantum mechanics—may now hold answers to cosmologys biggest puzzles.Midway through his career, Einstein grew convinced that

In October 1995, astrophysicists at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence identified the first exoplanet orbiting a Sun-like star: 51 Pegasi b. Today, over 4,500 exoplanets have been confirmed across nearly 3,400 planetary systems, with thousands more candidates awaiting verification. Several of these

As the James Webb Space Telescope begins its mission 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, age-old questions about the cosmos persist: How did galaxies form? Since discovering the universes expansion in the 1920s, how do we measure it, and what does it tell us about the universes size? Is it truly infi

The infinite cosmos captivates scientists and science fiction writers alike. While evidence for multiple or parallel universes remains elusive, many researchers argue its the most promising solution to longstanding scientific puzzles. Rigorous theories abound, awaiting empirical tests to confirm whe